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第三课 NMS的VoIP产品应用介绍
--IP电话会议服务器
1. 系统配置
硬件
(1)CG6000C系列:适用于IP电话解决方案的大容量、高性能的开发平台。
作为屡获殊荣的Fusion(tm)产品系列中的新成员,Convergence
Generation(tm)(CG)6000C正是这样一个高扩展性、高性能的IP电话解决方案开发平台。与其它有竞争力的IP电话产品相比较,CG
6000C专门解决了低延迟、媒体流处理功能,并由NMS功能强大、设计灵活的软件开发环境Natural Access所支持。
CG6000C是NMS公司专为高密度媒体网关应用而设计生产的,能同时支持H.323和MGCP。
CG6000C提供:
- MGCP的API接口为用户提供灵活的应用开发环境,它是运行在Natural Access(tm)下的Fusion(tm)IP电话网关开发环境的一部分
- MGC服务的API接口。
详见www.nmss.com.cn。
(2)AG4000系列:通用的IP及PSTN数字接口板卡系列,具有PCI或CompactPCI总线接口。适用于高性能电信系统的开发。
NMS的Alliance Generation 4000(AG
4000)系列是带有数字信号处理器(DSP)和数字PSTN接口的PCI和CompactPCI 板,专为开发高性能的通讯系统而设计。它的设计是基于NMS
Communications在业界领先的Alliance Generation DSP结构,这种结构集开放的开发环境、丰富的功能特性、高扩展性和不断增强的处理能力等优点于一身。AG
4000系列以其超群的多媒体处理能力服务于广泛的语音和信令应用,是低成本高效益的理想平台。详见www.nmss.com.cn。
软件
- MS Windows NT Service Pack 6a
- Natural Access 2000-1(含CNF, PPX 服务)
- FusionTM(MSPP服务)
- Radvision H323 protocol stack v2.5
2. IP电话会议服务器介绍
(1)IP会议组件
如图8所示,IP会议包含两个基本组件:IP会议服务器(IP Conference
Server)和IP会议客户端(如Netmeeting等)。
在服务器端包含前面的两个硬件平台:CG6000C+AG4000C。构成的系统(CompactPCI结构)如图9所示,配置非常简单。


(2) IP会议重要数据
每次会议呼叫的系统信息和用户信息都必须存储起来。它们包括:
- HaCall地址;
- 事件队列(Event Queue);
- H.323数据,含haCall和输入输出通道(In/Out Channel)、IP地址表、RTP/RTCP端口;
- MSPP数据,含终结点和通道句柄(Endpoint and Channel Handles),及其参数;
- 会议数据(CNF Data),如资源句柄、会议ID号,与会者ID号和相关信息;
- PPX数据,包括发言人时隙(Talker DS0 Timeslot)和听众时隙(Member
TimeSlots)。
(3) IP会议流程
整个IP会议大概过程可以用图10来说明,各子流程均由MGCP/H.323的相关API函数完成。

问题
1. VoIP和传统电话有什么不同,主要优势表现在哪儿?
2. VoIP有哪些标准,各有什么特点?
3. MGCP包含哪些功能? 缩略语
缩略语
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C7
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Common Channel Signaling System
No. 7 (also called "SS7")
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ISDN
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Integrated Services Digital
Network
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ISUP
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Signaling System 7 ISDN User
Part
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M2PA
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MTP Level 2 Peer-to-Peer Adaptation
Layer
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M2UA
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MTP Level 2 User Adaptation
Layer
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M3UA
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MTP Level 3 User Adaptation
Layer
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MAP
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Mobile Application Part
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MSPP
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Media Stream Processing Protocol(媒体流处理协议)
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MSSP
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Multi Service Switching Platform(多业务交换平台)
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MTP
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Signaling System 7 Message Transfer
Part
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PLMN
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Public Land Mobile Network
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PSTN
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Public Switched Telephone Network
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SGCP
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Simple Gateway Control Protocol(简单网关控制协议)
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SEP
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Signaling End Point(信令端结点)
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SCP
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SS7 Service Control Point(SS7业务控制点)
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SS7
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Common Channel Signaling System
No. 7 (also called "C7")
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SSP
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SS7 Service Switching Point
(also called a "central office" switch)
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STP
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SS7 Signal Transfer Point
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SUA
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SCCP User Adaptation Layer
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TCAP
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Signaling System 7 Transaction
Capabilities Part
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TCP
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Transmission Control Protocol
(often called "TCP/IP")
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参考资料
- Architectural Framework for Signaling Transport, RFC
2719, October 1999
- Stream Control Transmission Protocol, RFC
2960, October 2000
- Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP), RFC
2705, October 1999
- Media Gateway Control Protocol Architecture and
Requirements, RFC
2805, October 1999
- SS7
MTP2-User Peer-to-Peer Adaptation Layer (M2PA),
Internet Draft, July 2001
- SS7
MTP3-User Adaptation Layer (M3UA), Internet
Draft, July 2001
- SS7
MTP2-User Adaptation Layer (M2UA), Internet
Draft, July 2001
- SS7
SCCP-User Adaptation Layer (SUA), Internet
Draft, July 2001
- Site Security Handbook, RFC
2196, September 1997
- Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol,
RFC
240
- SIP: Session Initiation Protocol, RFC
2543
- ENUM
Service Reference Model, Internet Draft,
February 23, 2001
- Management
Information Base for Telephony Routing over IP (TRIP),
Internet Draft
- SPIRITS
Protocol Requirements, Internet Draft,
- IN-
and PINT-related Requirements for SPIRITS Protocol,
Internet Draft
主要网站资源
VoIP标准汇编
下面的内容来自http://www.protocols.com/voip/standards.htm。
ITUT 标准和建议
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H.323 V2
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Packet-based multimedia communications
systems
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H.225.0
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Call signaling protocols and
media stream packetization for packet-based multimedia (includes
Q.931 and RAS)
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H.225.0 Annex G
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Gatekeeper to gatekeeper (inter-domain)
communications
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H.245
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Control protocol for multimedia
communications
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H.235
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Security and encryption for
H-series multimedia terminals
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H.450.x
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Supplementary services for
multimedia:(多媒体补充业务)
1. H.323补充业务所支持的一般功能Generic
functional protocol
2. 呼叫转移Call transfer
3. 遇忙娱乐Diversion
4. 保持Hold
5. Park & pickup
6. 呼叫等待Call waiting
7. 消息指示Message waiting indication
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H.323 Annex D
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Real-time fax using T.38
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H.323 Annex E
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Call connection over UDP
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H.323 Annex F
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Single-use device
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T.38
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规定通过IP网络的第三类实时传真通信过程
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T.120 series
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多媒体会议的数据协议(Data protocols
for multimedia conferencing)
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IETF 的RFC文档和草案
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RFC 2543
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SIP: Session initiation protocol
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RFC 2327
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SDP: Session description protocol
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Internet Draft
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SAP: Session announcement
protocol
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网关控制协议标准
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H.GCP
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Proposed recommendations for
gateway control protocol
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ITU
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Internet草案
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MGCP: Media gateway control
protocol
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IETF
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Internet草案
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MEGACO protocol
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IETF
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草案
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SGCP: Simple gateway control
protocol (简单网关控制协议)
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IETF
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Internet草案
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IPDC: IP device control (IP
设备控制)
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IETF
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媒体传送协议标准
IETF
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RFC 1889
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RTP: Real-time transport protocol
(实时传输协议)
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RFC 1889
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RTCP: Real-time transport
control protocol (实时传输控制协议)
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RFC 2326
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RTSP: Real-time streaming
protocol (实时流媒体协议)
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媒体编码
ITU 部分
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Standard
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Algorithm
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Bit Rate
(Kbit/s)
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Typical end-to-end delay
(ms) (ex. channel delay)
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Resultant Voice Quality
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G.711
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PCM
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48, 56, 64
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<<1
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Excellent
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G.723.1
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MPE/ACELP
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5.3, 6.3
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67-97
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Good (6.3), Fair (5.3)
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H.728
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LD-CELP
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16
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<<2
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Good
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G.729
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CS-ACELP
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8
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25-35
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Good
|
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G.729 Annex A
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CS-ACELP
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8
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25-35
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Good
|
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G.722
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Sub-band ADPCM
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48, 56, 64
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<<2
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Good
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G.726
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ADPCM
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16,24,32,40
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60
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Good (40), Fair (24)
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G.727
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AEDPCM
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16, 24, 32, 40
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60
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Good (40), Fair (24)
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Standard
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Algorithm
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Bit Rate (Kbit/s)
|
Picture Quality
|
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H.261
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离散余弦变换(DCT)+运动补偿
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px64p为ISDN B 通道数
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稍差
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H.263
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H.261的增强版
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各种速率
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中等
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NMS公司CTI产品应用介绍
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